Nigeria's president has pledged "to leave no stone unturned" in tracking down the perpetrators of a mosque attack that killed dozens of people.

Goodluck Jonathan urged the nation "to confront the common enemy" after the gun and bomb attack during Friday's prayers in the northern city of Kano.
Many more people were injured, with one rescue official putting casualty figures at almost 400.
Officials said the attack bore all the hallmarks of Boko Haram militant group.
However, no-one has so far claimed responsibility for Friday's assault.
Separately, the security forces said they had foiled an attempt to attack worshippers in the north-eastern city of Maiduguri, defusing six bombs planted in a mosque and a nearby market.
Boko Haram has been waging an insurgency in Nigeria since 2009 - and has killed more than 2,000 people this year, rights groups say.
Pandemonium In a statement, President Jonathan ordered the country's security services "to launch a full-scale investigation and to leave no stone unturned until all agents of terror undermining the right of every citizen to life and dignity are tracked down and brought to justice".

A number of the injured are being treated at Kano's hospital

Eyewitnesses spoke of three bomb explosions and a gunfights near the mosque

He said Nigerian should "remain united to confront the common enemy".
He said the government would "continue to take every step to put an end to the reprehensible acts of all groups and persons involved in acts of terrorism".
Police said 35 people were killed in the attack at the Central Mosque, but some eyewitnesses claimed that far more people lost their lives.
The rescue official, speaking to Agence France-Presse, put the casualty toll at 120 dead and 270 hurt, although this has not been independently confirmed.

As BBC's Tomi Oladipo reports, the gunmen opened fire on people as they tried to escape

Three bomb explosions were reported in and around the mosque. The attackers also turned gunfire on worshippers.
Some reports say the first bomb was hidden in a car which was driven straight into the worshippers.
One eyewitness told the BBC's Focus on Africa: "The imam was about to start prayer when he saw somebody in a car trying to force himself into the mosque. But when people stopped him, he detonated the explosions. People started running helter-skelter."

There was pandemonium as people ran for their lives.
But then several men then opened fire on the crowd, killing more people. Three of the gunmen were caught, and - as the terror turned to rage - they were killed on the spot, the BBC's Will Ross in Abuja reports.
BBC Hausa editor Mansur Liman said one witness at a local hospital had described the scenes there as being the most horrible he had ever seen.
The Central Mosque is where the influential Muslim leader, the Emir of Kano, usually leads prayers.
The emir recently called for people to arm themselves against Boko Haram.
Boko Haram has stepped up attacks against civilian targets since the Nigerian military launched an offensive last year.
The militants were also behind the kidnapping of more than 200 schoolgirls from Chibok in Borno state this year, an act that sparked international outrage.

Boko Haram leader Abubakar Shekau has declared an Islamic state in the north-east

Who are Boko Haram?

• Founded in 2002
• Initially focused on opposing Western education - Boko Haram means "Western education is forbidden" in the Hausa language
• Launched military operations in 2009 to create Islamic state
• Thousands killed, mostly in north-eastern Nigeria - also attacked police and UN headquarters in capital, Abuja
• Some three million people affected
• Declared terrorist group by US in 2013

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Hosni Mubarak ruled Egypt for almost 30 years until he was swept from power in a wave of protests in 2011

An Egyptian court is expected to deliver its verdict in the retrial of ousted President Hosni Mubarak on charges of conspiring in the killing of protesters during the 2011 uprising.

Last year, an appeals court overturned an initial life sentence given to Mubarak in 2012 on technical grounds.
If acquitted, Mubarak will not be released as he is serving a three-year sentence for embezzling public funds.
The 86-year-old denies all the charges against him.
In 2012, Mubarak - along with former Interior Minister Habib al-Adly - was sentenced to life in prison in 2012 for complicity in the deaths of demonstrators during the 2011 revolt that eventually forced him to resign.
But in January 2013 the Court of Cassation upheld an appeal by the two men against their convictions on technical grounds and ordered a retrial.
House arrest In August, a court ordered Mubarak's release from prison and transfer to a military hospital in Cairo, where he is being held under house arrest.
His sons Gamal, the president's one-time heir apparent, and Alaa, a businessman, are also being retried on separate corruption charges.
Mubarak's Islamist successor Mohamed Morsi lasted only a year in power following elections before being ousted by the military in July 2013.
The move followed four days of mass anti-government protests and Mr Morsi's rejection of an ultimatum from the generals to resolve Egypt's worst political crisis since the 2011 upheaval.
The former army chief, Abdel Fattah al-Sisi, was later elected as the country's new president.
In a separate development on Friday, at least two demonstrators died in clashes between Islamist protestors and police in the capital Cairo.
The protests were called by an ultra-conservative Salafi group, which opposed the overthrow of Mr Morsi.
The group asked protestors to defend what it called Egypt's "Islamic identity".

BestBuy's website was down but some shoppers had already bagged bargains in store on Thursday evening

The traditional scrum of sharp elbows was notably less intense on Black Friday in the US this year.

The crowds, gathering at the US's big shopping centres, appeared to have exhausted some of their shopping enthusiasm on Thursday.
As last year, many retailers had opened their doors early to try to pull shoppers in ahead of rivals.
"The consumer clearly enjoys shopping on Thanksgiving," said Target's chief executive, Brian Cornell.
And, when opening the New York Stock Exchange for Friday's shortened day of trading, he welcomed the way the holiday season "has moved from an event on Black Friday morning to a multi-day event."
Many shoppers headed straight to the shops whilst still digesting their Thanksgiving turkey on Thursday, forming queues outside Macy's by 6pm on what is becoming known as "grey Thursday".

Target boss Brian Cornell welcomed the shift towards earlier shopping when opening trading at the NYSE

Cyber shopping But if footfall was subdued, online sales came to the fore.
Wal-Mart said Thursday was its second-highest online sales day ever after last year's Cyber Monday, the first Monday in December when many people order items they'd like to arrive in time for Christmas.
BestBuy's website went offline after what the company said was "a concentrated spike in mobile traffic."
The hope for many retailers is that the slowly improving US economy, combined with lower petrol prices, could push consumers to buy more than they have in recent memory.
Black Friday has been the top sales day of the year since 2005, according to ShopperTrak which tracks data on stores globally, beating into second place the Saturday before Christmas when last-minute shoppers stock up on Christmas gifts.

As with last year, many stores chose to open a day earlier on what is now being called "grey Thursday"

However, that could change this year as Thanksgiving shopping and online sales eat into Black Friday's peak performance.
Shift to labour
The earlier start to holiday shopping has placed even more focus on the plight of workers who must often leave their families in order to help shops open on Thanksgiving.
Outside a Wal-Mart in northern New Jersey, nearly a hundred members of the OUR Wal-Mart campaign - a coalition of unions and Wal-Mart employees - protested what they said were unfair working conditions at the nation's largest retailer.

Labour organisers and Walmart workers staged protests at 1,600 locations on Friday

Surrounded by dozens of police officers in the brisk cold, they chanted slogans like "Wal-Mart, Wal-Mart you're no good, treat your workers like you should" and waved banners.
Inside the store, however, Wal-Mart representatives disputed their claims.
"They're really not representative of our associates at all. Our associates are in here working hard and they're excited to be here. This is the most fun day of all," a Wal-Mart spokesperson, Bill Wertz, told the BBC.

Wal-Mart's Bill Wertz said the views of the protestors outside weren't indicative of most workers

And as for shoppers whose habits the protestors were hoping to influence?
"It does affect my shopping affect my shopping, I told myself I wasn't going to purchase too much," says Gary Philip, a shopper walking into the store.
"But," he added, "I couldn't resist on getting a tree for a better price."

Harvests were better than expected despite a weak start to the monsoon

India's economy grew by 5.3% in the July-to-September period from a year earlier, down from a rate of 5.7% in the previous quarter.

Although the rate was slower than earlier in the year, it was still better than many analysts had expected.
The figures cover the first full quarter under the government of Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
Both the service sector and agriculture performed better than anticipated, despite a weak start to the monsoon.
Investors were also encouraged by the news that the government is to cut its holdings in state-run banks, such as State Bank of India.
Interest rate cut "The GDP growth number is slightly better than we expected," said Shivom Chakrabarti, senior economist at HDFC Bank in Mumbai.
"Overall, the economy has bottomed out and there is a slow and modest recovery. Now the onus is on the government to boost growth by reviving the investment climate and get reforms moving."
Observers had predicted the economy would grow at a rate of just 5.1% in the quarter.
Despite the slightly stronger-than-expected figure, pressure is mounting on India's central bank, the Reserve Bank of India, to cut interest rates, possibly as early as the next policy review meeting on 2 December.
The benchmark interest rate has been kept at 8% since last January in an effort to curb inflation. India has a history of high inflation, but recently the rate dipped below 6%.
So far central bank governor Raghuram Rajan has resisted calls to lower interest rates to stimulate growth in Asia's third-largest economy.
Most analysts expect him to wait until the spring to change rates.

Consumer price inflation of ordinary food and goods has eased raising expectations of a cut in interest rates

Analysis: Sameer Hashmi, BBC India business reporter When Narendra Modi swept to power back in May he promised to revive the economy.
Since then leaders including David Cameron and Xi Jinping have led trade delegations to India.
Top chief executives like Mark Zuckerberg from Facebook and Microsoft's Satya Nadella have also visited.
Many international firms have announced investment plans and the Indian stock market has been soaring. All this excitement has been attributed to the 'Modi effect.'
But many had expected the government to unleash some big bang economic reforms by now, which hasn't happened.
Though they have taken some steps in that direction, the economy still faces some fundamental challenges especially in the energy and infrastructure sectors.
The government is in the process of addressing some of the concerns but most economists warn that the steps taken in the last few months will have an impact only in 12 to 18 months time.

Children carry coal to be crushed: Prime Minister Modi has promised to reform the coal sector

Bank sales On Friday, the government also confirmed its commitment to reducing some of its holdings in public sector banks, although the state will retain a majority holding.
The sale would raise about 891.2bn rupees ($14.4bn; £9.1bn).
Indian banks are saddled with high levels of bad debts and corporate governance issues and will require tens of billions of dollars of financial support over the next few years.
The government currently holds stakes ranging from 56% to 84% in 24 of India's state-run banks.

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"They started shooting randomly at worshippers" - Muhammad Bello was near the mosque when the explosions began

Dozens have been killed in a gun and bomb attack during Friday prayers at one of the biggest mosques in the Nigerian city of Kano, reports say.

Many more people have been hurt, with one rescue official putting casualty figures at almost 400.
The Central Mosque is where the influential Muslim leader, the Emir of Kano, usually leads prayers.
The emir recently called for people to arm themselves against Islamist militant group Boko Haram.
The group has been waging an insurgency in Nigeria since 2009 and has killed more than 2,000

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As BBC's Tomi Oladipo, the gunmen opened fire on people as they tried to escape

President Goodluck Jonathan condemned the attack, calling on all Nigerians "to remain united to confront the common enemy".
He said the government would "continue to take every step to put an end to the reprehensible acts of all groups and persons involved in acts of terrorism".
'Helter-skelter' The rescue official, speaking to Agence France-Presse, put the casualty toll at 120 dead and 270 hurt, although this has not been independently confirmed.

Muhammad Sanusi II (C), one of Nigeria's most powerful Muslim leaders, is in Saudi Arabia

Three explosions were reported in and around the mosque. The attackers also turned gunfire on worshippers.
One eyewitness told the BBC's Focus on Africa: "The imam was about to start prayer when he saw somebody in a car trying to force himself into the mosque. But when people stopped him, he detonated the explosions. People started running helter-skelter."
BBC Hausa editor Mansur Liman said one witness at a local hospital had described the scenes there as being the most horrible he had ever seen.

Analysis: Tomi Oladipo, BBC Africa security correspondent, Lagos
It is clear it is not only Christians who face the threat of violence in northern Nigeria. This is a major mosque, frequented by one of the country's most influential Muslim leaders, Kano's emir.
Emir Muhammad Sanusi II has criticised Boko Haram and only last week urged civilians to take up arms against the group. This has raised questions as to whether he was the target of today's attack - although he was out of the country at the time.
While violence in remote rural areas is no longer news for many Nigerians, the increasing attacks in larger cities are sending shockwaves across the country. The military's ongoing counter-terrorism efforts will need more concrete results to boost public confidence.

Our editor says Boko Haram will be the main suspects, as the attack bore all the hallmarks of the group.
No-one from the group has yet commented.
Boko Haram has stepped up attacks against civilian targets since the Nigerian military launched an offensive last year.
Boko Haram was also behind the kidnapping of more than 200 schoolgirls from Chibok in Borno state this year, an act that sparked international outrage.

Boko Haram leader Abubakar Shekau has declared an Islamic state in the north-east

Who are Boko Haram?

• Founded in 2002
• Initially focused on opposing Western education - Boko Haram means "Western education is forbidden" in the Hausa language
• Launched military operations in 2009 to create Islamic state
• Thousands killed, mostly in north-eastern Nigeria - also attacked police and UN headquarters in capital, Abuja
• Some three million people affected
• Declared terrorist group by US in 2013

Who are Boko Haram?
Profile: Boko Haram leader Abubakar Shekau

'Call for anarchy' The emir, Muhammad Sanusi II, is currently in Saudi Arabia.
Reliable sources in the emir's palace told the BBC that he had arrived in Saudi Arabia late on Thursday night from Paris.

Boko Haram has targeted the city, the largest in northern Nigeria, several times during its insurgency.
But most of its attacks are further east - in Borno and neighbouring states.
Earlier this month, the emir told a prayer meeting that people should "acquire what they need" to protect themselves.
A police spokesman said the emir's comments were a "call for anarchy" and should not be acted on.
The emir, who until earlier this year was governor of Nigeria's central bank, normally stays silent on political matters.

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David Cameron: "Those who want to claim tax credits and child benefits must live here and contribute to our country for a minimum of four years"

David Cameron has urged other EU leaders to support his "reasonable" proposals for far-reaching curbs on welfare benefits for migrants.

Britain's prime minister said lower EU migration would be a priority in future negotiations over the UK's membership and he would "rule nothing out" if he did not get the changes he wanted.
Under his plans, migrants would have to wait four years for certain benefits.
Brussels said the ideas were "part of the debate" to be "calmly considered".
Mr Cameron said he was confident he could change the basis of EU migration into the UK and therefore campaign for the UK to stay in the EU in a future referendum planned for 2017.
But he warned that if the UK's demands fell on "deaf ears" he would "rule nothing out" - the strongest hint to date he could countenance the UK leaving the EU.
'Emergency brake' BBC political editor Nick Robinson said Mr Cameron's welfare curbs were "a tougher version of an approach already set out by Labour and the Liberal Democrats".
The main proposals in the speech - which are dependent on Mr Cameron remaining in power after May's general election - are:

• Stopping EU migrants from claiming in-work benefits, such as tax credits, and getting access to social housing for four years
• Stopping migrants claiming child benefit for dependents living outside the UK
• Removing migrants from the UK after six months if they have not found work
• Restricting the right of migrants to bring non-EU family members into the UK
• Stopping EU jobseekers claiming Universal Credit
• Speeding up deportation of convicted criminals
• Longer re-entry bans for beggars and fraudsters removed from the UK
• Stopping citizens from new EU entrants working in the UK until their economies have "converged more closely".
• Extra money for communities with high levels of migrants

Mr Cameron ruled out a temporary cap on migrant numbers or an "emergency brake" on EU freedom of movement rules, ideas both mooted in recent months, saying this would be less "effective" than reducing the incentives for people to come to the UK.
And he said there was "no doubt" his proposals would require changes to the treaties governing the European Union, necessitating the support of all EU members.

View from Poland

By Adam Easton, BBC Warsaw correspondent
David Cameron's speech has made headlines in Poland, with commercial news channel TVN24 leading on the story on its website.
But the speech has not provoked the outrage here that his comments on the BBC's Andrew Marr show in January did.
Then Mr Cameron specifically mentioned Poles when he spoke about the need to crack down on EU immigrants claiming benefit payments in the UK. Polish government officials said his words "stigmatised" Poles and were discriminatory.
This time around, Mr Cameron called the Polish Prime Minister Ewa Kopacz beforehand to apprise Warsaw about his speech.
The government here does not oppose moves in the UK to close benefit payment loopholes but Warsaw wants London to do it in a way that is non-discriminatory and in line with EU regulations.
I watched the speech with students at Torun's Copernicus University. Several told me they planned to go to the UK following their studies. None said the proposed benefit restrictions would put them off as they planned to work, not claim benefits.

Mr Cameron began his speech by saying migration had benefited the UK and that he was proud of the "multi-racial" nature of modern Britain.
But he said immigration levels in recent years - the largest in peacetime, he said - had put unsustainable pressure on public services and demands for change were "not outlandish or unreasonable".

Mr Cameron was speaking at the JCB factory in the West Midlands

"The British people will not understand - frankly I will not understand - if a sensible way through cannot be found, which will help settle this country's place in the EU once and for all."
Mr Cameron, who spoke to German Chancellor Angela Merkel and EU Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker before the speech, said he wanted the package to be adopted across the EU but that if it was not, he would seek a new UK-only arrangement.

Analysis By BBC political correspondent Chris Mason
Consider both the statistical and political imperatives that drove the prime minister to make this speech.
First, the numbers - 260,000 more people arrived in the UK in the year to June than left.
That is roughly the population of Sunderland turning up inside 12 months, needing houses, jobs, school places and doctors' surgeries.
Second, the politics. One word will do - UKIP.
David Cameron needed to combine the two Rs in his speech: being seen as simultaneously radical and realistic.
Bold enough to prove he gets what many see as a problem, believable enough to ensure he achieves what he sees as a solution.
And he did it by deploying a line a certain women's hair shampoo product would be proud of. Do a deal with us Europe, because we're worth it.

At the moment EU citizens are free to come to the UK and compete for jobs without being subject to any immigration controls. Those from outside the EU face much tighter controls if they wish to enter the country.
Outlining proposed restrictions on tax credits and child benefits, Mr Cameron said a migrant in work with two children was getting £700 a month on average in support from the state, twice the amount paid in Germany and three times as much as in France.
"No wonder so many people want to come to Britain," he said, adding that changes to in-work benefits could affect about 400,000 people.
Dr Carlos Vargas-Silva, a migration expert at Oxford University, told the BBC there were an estimated 50,000 EU migrants claiming tax credits who have been in the UK for fewer than four years, adding that the changes could have a real impact.

Note: 2014 shows provisional rolling quarterly estimates

Mr Cameron also responded to criticism that the Conservatives' stated aim in its 2010 manifesto to reduce overall levels of net migration below 100,000 was "in tatters".
The PM acknowledged the goal would not met by May, blaming the economic weakness in the eurozone, and said "more time and work" was needed to accomplish it.
Home Secretary Theresa May said: "We are very clearly saying that we have not achieved that target."
Speaking on BBC Radio 4's PM programme, she also said there was "no set single right number" of immigrants that could come to the UK.
'Negotiating position' Tory MPs reacted positively to the speech but several urged him to go further.
Jacob Rees-Mogg said Mr Cameron's language indicated "he is willing to campaign to leave [the EU] and I believe that strengthens his negotiating position substantially"

But Bill Cash said the proposals did not go far enough, while another Conservative MP, Nigel Mills, said an outright cap on numbers was needed.

Labour leader Ed Miliband said Mr Cameron had made a "no ifs, to buts" promise at the last general election to get migration down and he had "no credibility" on the issue.
UKIP leader Nigel Farage said the prime minister should have apologised for missing his immigration target, and said he was "playing catch-up" with UKIP.
Liberal Democrat leader Nick Clegg said some of the proposals were "sensible and workable" but said there were "very serious question marks" over others, including deporting jobseekers after six months if they had not found work.
European Commission spokesman Margaritis Schinas said the proposals would have to be "examined without drama".
"It is up to national lawmakers to fight against abuses of the system and the EU law allows for this," he added.
In a statement, the German government emphasised the importance of free movement of people but said it was prepared to work with the UK to find "mutually acceptable solutions".

Out of media player. PressHow do people in the "twinned" UK and Polish towns of Swindon and Toruń feel about David Cameron's immigration plans?

Pope Francis has called for an interfaith dialogue to counter fanaticism and fundamentalism, at the start of a key visit to Turkey.

In a speech in Ankara, he also called for a renewed Mid-East peace push, saying the region had "for too long been a theatre of fratricidal wars".
He also urged more help for refugees from Syria and Iraq.
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan said the visit was a "significant" step to enhance regional peace.
The Pope's three-day trip - only the fourth visit by a pope to Muslim-majority Turkey - comes as Turkey hosts 1.6m refugees on its southern border, after Islamic State seized swathes of neighbouring Syria and Iraq.

Mark Lowen, BBC News, Ankara
Pope Francis may have had a horse-drawn parade and cannon salute as he entered the lavish presidential compound but there were none of the thousands of people lining the streets as he often receives.
The Pope is being welcomed by Turks as the leader of a faith that is not their own: this is a country which is now 99% Muslim, its long Christian heritage as once the centre of the largely-Christian Byzantine Empire less and less visible.
And yet it is Turkey's historical position as a meeting point of religions and cultures which makes this country a perfect place from which to spread his message of inter-faith dialogue.
Turkey bridges a principally Christian Europe and a mainly Muslim Middle East. While the Pope has denounced the persecution of Christians, Turkey's president says the West must do more to combat Islamophobia. Pope Francis is urging respect and cooperation by each side for the other.
Anxious times for Turkey's Christians

After arriving in Ankara on Friday, Pope Francis held talks with President Erdogan - whose AK Party is rooted in political Islam - and Mehmet Gormez, Turkey's top cleric.
In a speech at a press conference, the Pope called for "a dialogue which can deepen the understanding and appreciation" between faiths.
He said: "Fanaticism and fundamentalism, as well as irrational fears which foster misunderstanding and discrimination, need to be countered by the solidarity of all believers."

This is only the fourth visit by a pope to Muslim-majority Turkey

The Pope called on nations of the Middle East to "reverse the trend" and advance peace in the region.
He said: "Interreligious and intercultural dialogue can make an important contribution to attaining this lofty and urgent goal, so that there will be an end to all forms of fundamentalism and terrorism which gravely demean the dignity of every man and woman and exploit religion."
Turning to the conflicts in Syria and Iraq, he said the international community had a moral duty to assist Turkey in taking care of refugees.
"In addition to providing much needed assistance and humanitarian aid, we cannot remain indifferent to the causes of these tragedies," he said.
He condemned the "violation of the most basic humanitarian laws" by extremists and the persecution of Christian and other minorities.
President Erdogan said the Pope's visit was "a very significant and very crucial step which will enhance the hopes of peace in our region".
He said: "Racism and Islamophobia in the West, and violence and terrorism in Islamic lands make it important that we come together and co-operate."
Mr Erdogan also condemned what he termed the international "silence" over the "state terror" being instigated by the Syrian government.
Blue Mosque Pope Francis is the first foreign dignitary to visit the lavish 1,000-room presidential palace in Ankara.

According to Hurriyet newspaper, the Pope - who is renowned for his humble lifestyle - requested a "modest car" for his trip. He was picked up at the airport by a black Volkswagen saloon.
On Saturday, the Pope will travel to Istanbul, where he is scheduled to visit Sultan Ahmed mosque, the 17th Century place of worship popularly known as the Blue Mosque.
He is also due to sign a joint declaration with Patriarch Bartholomew I, the leader of 300 million Orthodox Christians, on trying to bridge the divides between Catholicism and Orthodox Christianity.
Although most of Turkey's 80 million citizens are Muslims, there are about 120,000 Christians in the country - once the centre of the Orthodox Christian world.

Turkish media on Pope's visit
Turkish media seems most concerned with the security arrangements for the Pope's visit. Postauses the headline "Martial law" to describe heavy security in Ankara and Istanbul.
Other papers take a more neutral tone and talk about his agenda, with some anticipation about the Pope being the first visitor to the new "presidential palace". Hurriyet speculates that President Erdogan's message to the Pope might be: "Let's stop Islamophobia".
The independent news portal says the treatment of Christian minorities in the Middle East is likely to top the Pope's agenda.
One of the secular papers, Daily Cumhuriyet, quotes a senior Turkish religious official who takes issue with the Vatican's idea of inter-religious dialogue, saying: "The discourse of the Church should change".

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